Name a common side effect of opioid medication.

Constipation is a well-known side effect of opioid medication due to the way opioids interact with the gastrointestinal system. Opioids bind to specific receptors in the gut, leading to decreased peristalsis, which is the movement of the intestines that propels content forward. As a result, patients may experience slower bowel movements and increased water absorption from the stool, leading to harder stools that are more difficult to pass. This effect can be particularly pronounced, making constipation a common and significant concern for individuals on opioid therapy.

In addition to constipation, other side effects that might be seen with opioids, such as nausea, anxiety, or headaches, are less directly related to the primary mechanism of action of these medications and may vary in incidence and intensity among different individuals. While nausea can occur, and some individuals may experience anxiety or headaches, these issues are generally not as universally problematic as constipation in the context of opioid use. This makes constipation a standout side effect that healthcare providers must proactively manage when prescribing opioid medications.